Bowling kata in C++

Implement ten-pin bowling scoring in C++17 with GoogleTest. Setup is complete when the starter gutter-game test passes.

Overview

This kata complements Clean Code: Fundamentals, Ep. 5 - Form.

In bowling, a player rolls a ball down a lane and tries to knock down as many pins as possible. The game consists of ten frames, and in each frame, the player has two opportunities (called rolls) to knock down as many pins as possible.

If, after two rolls, at least one pin is still standing, it’s called an open frame. The score for the frame is the total number of pins knocked down, plus bonus points awarded for strikes or spares.

A spare is when the player knocks down all the pins in two rolls. If the player gets a spare, the score for the frame is ten, plus the number of pins knocked down on their next roll. If a spare is thrown in the tenth frame, the player is awarded one more roll.

A strike is when the player knocks down all the pins in one roll. If the player gets a strike, their score for the frame is ten, plus the number of pins knocked down on their next two rolls. If a strike is thrown in the tenth frame, the player is awarded two more rolls.

The final score is the total of all frame scores.

Instructions

In this kata, you will write a class BowlingGame that calculates the score of a ten-pin bowling game with two methods:

1. void roll(int pins) is called each time the player rolls a ball, with pins representing the number of pins knocked down in the current roll;
2. int score() returns the score calculated using the above rules.

Examples

Spare with a bonus

Here is an example of a game where the player gets a bonus after rolling a spare:

game.roll(7);
game.roll(3);  // Spare: 7 + 3 + 6 (bonus) = 16
game.roll(6);
game.roll(2);  // Open frame: 6 + 2 = 8

assert(game.score() == 24);

In this example, the player got a spare, which is ten plus the next roll. The next roll (from the second frame) was a 6, so the value of the first frame is 16. The second frame is worth exactly the number of pins the player knocked down. Added to 16, it gives a total of 24.

Perfect game

Here is an example of a game where the player gets the maximum score:

for (int i = 0; i < 12; ++i)
    game.roll(10);

assert(game.score() == 300);

In this example, the player gets 12 strikes in a row, the maximum number of strikes possible in a game. Each strike is worth 10 points, plus the pins were knocked down on the next two rolls, resulting in 300 points.

Prerequisites

Required:

• Git
• A compiler with C++17 support. Choose one:
  • GCC 10+ on Linux
  • LLVM Clang 14+ on Linux
  • Apple Clang 17+ on macOS
  • MSVC 2022 on Windows
• CMake 3.24 or later

Optional:

• GNU Make, for shorter commands. Every required task also has direct CMake and CTest commands. Make may be unavailable on Windows.

You do not need to install GoogleTest separately. CMake finds an installed copy or downloads the pinned release when needed.

Set up the kata

1. Clone the repository:

   git clone https://github.com/Coding-Cuddles/bowling-cpp-kata.git

2. Enter the repository directory:

   cd bowling-cpp-kata

3. Run the starter test. Use Make when it is installed:

   make test

   Otherwise, use CMake and CTest directly:

   cmake -S . -B build -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug
   cmake --build build --config Debug
   ctest --test-dir build --build-config Debug --output-on-failure

The first run may download and build GoogleTest. CTest should report 100% tests passed.

If a command reports a missing compiler or CMake, install that prerequisite and run the setup commands again.

Setup is complete when CTest reports 100% tests passed.

Work on the kata

1. Add the next scoring example to test_bowling.cpp.

2. Implement the required behavior in bowling.h.

3. Run the tests. Use Make when it is installed:

   make test

   Otherwise, use CMake and CTest directly:

   cmake --build build --config Debug
   ctest --test-dir build --build-config Debug --output-on-failure

   Continue when CTest reports 100% tests passed.

Make command reference

Make is optional. Run make or make help to list these commands in the terminal.

Command	Result
make all	Build and run the test suite
make help	Show the Make command reference
make build	Configure and build without running tests
make test	Build and run the test suite
make format	Format tracked C++ and header files
make format-check	Check formatting without changing files
make clean	Remove generated build artifacts