fix(approval): settle retried approvals with denial memory

[TheGreatAxios]

Summary

• Retried approval decisions settle against denial memory so repeated declines re-ask instead of hanging
• Middleware timeout, abort, and missing outcomes are never cached as declines
• Boundary rethrow, emit preservation, and rejection-sharing keepers pin the coordinator and retry behavior

Verification

• Permission, director, and approval suites pass and bun run check passes (exit 0)

Fixes CL-7992

[linear-code]

CL-7992