Ensure usage of `captureException()` / `captureMessage()` with non-Error has correct top frame

[mydea]

As brought up in #8296, currently the top frame points to internal code when using e.g.:

Sentry.captureException(pojo);
Sentry.captureMessage(pojo);

This should point to the place where this was actually called.

We use a synthetic exception here, which has the stack from exactly where it was called - which is in the Sentry internals. So we need a way to remove this again somehow.

Sadly, this is different in different browsers, and made harder by minifaction. Some examples, non exhaustive but giving a good overview:

Chrome

Unminified:

Error: Sentry syntheticException
    at Hub.captureException (hub.ts:200:1)
    at Module.captureException (exports.ts:39:1)
    at updateCount (HelloWorld.vue:16:12)
    at callWithErrorHandling (runtime-core.esm-bundler.js:157:22)
    at callWithAsyncErrorHandling (runtime-core.esm-bundler.js:166:21)
    at HTMLButtonElement.invoker (runtime-dom.esm-bundler.js:345:9)
    at HTMLButtonElement.sentryWrapped (helpers.ts:98:1)

Minified:

Error: Sentry syntheticException
    at Dl.captureException (hub.js:123:32)
    at Is (exports.js:20:26)
    at n (HelloWorld.vue:16:5)
    at Ce (runtime-core.esm-bundler.js:157:22)
    at qt (runtime-core.esm-bundler.js:166:21)
    at HTMLButtonElement.n (runtime-dom.esm-bundler.js:345:9)
    at HTMLButtonElement.r (helpers.js:90:17)

Safari

Unminified:

captureException@http://localhost:5173/@fs/Users/francesco/git/sentry-javascript/packages/core/build/esm/hub.js?t=1687528488715:123:41
updateCount@http://localhost:5173/src/components/HelloWorld.vue?t=1687528678533:22:28
callWithErrorHandling@http://localhost:5173/node_modules/.vite/deps/vue.js?v=9b021ca7:1378:20
callWithAsyncErrorHandling@http://localhost:5173/node_modules/.vite/deps/vue.js?v=9b021ca7:1386:38
invoker@http://localhost:5173/node_modules/.vite/deps/vue.js?v=9b021ca7:7574:31
sentryWrapped@http://localhost:5173/@fs/Users/francesco/git/sentry-javascript/packages/browser/build/npm/esm/helpers.js?t=1687528678440:90:22

Minified:

captureException@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:7:10497
n@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:37:3522
Ce@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:12584
qt@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:12663
n@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:51488
r@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:19:1496

Firefox

Unminified:

captureException@http://localhost:5173/@fs/Users/francesco/git/sentry-javascript/packages/core/build/esm/hub.js?t=1687528488715:123:32
captureException@http://localhost:5173/@fs/Users/francesco/git/sentry-javascript/packages/core/build/esm/exports.js?t=1687528488715:20:26
updateCount@http://localhost:5173/src/components/HelloWorld.vue?t=1687528678533:22:12
callWithErrorHandling@http://localhost:5173/node_modules/.vite/deps/vue.js?v=9b021ca7:1378:18
callWithAsyncErrorHandling@http://localhost:5173/node_modules/.vite/deps/vue.js?v=9b021ca7:1386:38
invoker@http://localhost:5173/node_modules/.vite/deps/vue.js?v=9b021ca7:7574:31
sentryWrapped@http://localhost:5173/@fs/Users/francesco/git/sentry-javascript/packages/browser/build/npm/esm/helpers.js?t=1687528678440:90:17

Minified:

captureException@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:7:10488
Is@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:11:906
n@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:37:3520
Ce@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:12583
qt@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:12663
n@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:51488
r@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:19:1491
EventListener.handleEvent*lm/</<@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:19:15731
Gh/</</<@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:5:3547
Vf@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:50852
Xf@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:51058
rh@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:51826
H@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:34294
A@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:33991
T@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:33421
R@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:34890
H@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:34172
A@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:33991
T@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:33421
R@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:34890
nt@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:36286
T@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:33383
w@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:37616
run@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:4686
tt/f.update@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:37884
tt@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:37910
V@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:36747
I@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:36540
T@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:33446
R@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:34890
nt@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:36286
T@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:33383
w@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:37616
run@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:4686
tt/f.update@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:37884
tt@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:37910
V@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:36747
I@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:36540
T@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:33446
Mt@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:41571
mount@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:31962
ch/e.mount@http://localhost:4173/assets/index.8e4e6fdb.js:1:52858

Current output frames (e.g. Chrome)

[
  {
    "filename": "http://localhost:5173/node_modules/.vite/deps/vue.js?v=9b021ca7",
    "function": "HTMLButtonElement.invoker",
    "in_app": true,
    "lineno": 7574,
    "colno": 5
  },
  {
    "filename": "http://localhost:5173/node_modules/.vite/deps/vue.js?v=9b021ca7",
    "function": "callWithAsyncErrorHandling",
    "in_app": true,
    "lineno": 1386,
    "colno": 17
  },
  {
    "filename": "http://localhost:5173/node_modules/.vite/deps/vue.js?v=9b021ca7",
    "function": "callWithErrorHandling",
    "in_app": true,
    "lineno": 1378,
    "colno": 18
  },
  {
    "filename": "http://localhost:5173/src/components/HelloWorld.vue?t=1687529456042",
    "function": "updateCount",
    "in_app": true,
    "lineno": 22,
    "colno": 12
  },
  {
    "filename": "http://localhost:5173/@fs/Users/francesco/git/sentry-javascript/packages/core/build/esm/exports.js",
    "function": "Module.captureException",
    "in_app": true,
    "lineno": 20,
    "colno": 26
  }
]

Note that Safari seems to have a correct frames output, but FF & Chrome do not.

Expected output frames

[
  {
    "filename": "http://localhost:5173/node_modules/.vite/deps/vue.js?v=9b021ca7",
    "function": "HTMLButtonElement.invoker",
    "in_app": true,
    "lineno": 7574,
    "colno": 5
  },
  {
    "filename": "http://localhost:5173/node_modules/.vite/deps/vue.js?v=9b021ca7",
    "function": "callWithAsyncErrorHandling",
    "in_app": true,
    "lineno": 1386,
    "colno": 17
  },
  {
    "filename": "http://localhost:5173/node_modules/.vite/deps/vue.js?v=9b021ca7",
    "function": "callWithErrorHandling",
    "in_app": true,
    "lineno": 1378,
    "colno": 18
  },
  {
    "filename": "http://localhost:5173/src/components/HelloWorld.vue",
    "function": "updateCount",
    "in_app": true,
    "lineno": 22,
    "colno": 12
  }
]