ci: migrate GitHub Actions to Node.js 24 runtimes

[chenyukang]

GitHub Actions now warns that the Node.js 20 runtime used by our actions is deprecated and is being forced to Node.js 24. Upgrade the affected action references to versions whose manifests declare runs.using: node24, including the packaging, artifact upload, and comment steps shown in the warnings.

This updates 71 action references across 17 workflows. The Node.js 22 build/test matrix, explicit Yarn caching, action inputs, permissions, and triggers are unchanged. The Docker-based repo-sync/pull-request and composite crate-ci/typos actions do not require a Node runtime migration. The selected versions support the inputs and outputs used here and require Actions runner v2.327.1 or newer; these workflows use GitHub-hosted runners.

Validation:

• Verified the selected action manifests and checked relevant major-version migration notes.
• Verified that every changed line is an action reference; all other workflow lines are unchanged.
• actionlint reports no new issues. Its existing error about a branches filter on the release event in merge_released_into_develop.yml is also present on the base branch; validation passes with that diagnostic filtered.
• typos v1.50.1 and git diff --check pass.

Reference: https://github.blog/changelog/2025-09-19-deprecation-of-node-20-on-github-actions-runners/